Effect of Diabetes on Baby Fetus

There are two types of Diabetes.

1. Pre-existing Diabetes
2. Gestational Diabetes
3. Pre-existing Diabetes

• Birth Defects: The first trimester of pregnancy is often when congenital abnormalities develop. Congenital abnormalities affecting the heart and blood vessels, brain and spinal cord, kidney and urinary system, and digestive system are possible in children whose mothers have diabetes.
• Macrosomia (large baby): A baby who is significantly larger than average is referred to by this word. The mother’s blood provides all the nutrients to the baby. To use the glucose, the baby’s pancreas produces more insulin if the mother’s blood sugar level is high. As a result of the build-up of fat, the baby becomes incredibly large.
• Newborn’s hypoglycemia: After birth, the baby’s blood glucose levels may drop. This problem occurs if the mother has had high blood glucose levels for a long time. As a result, the amount of insulin in the baby’s blood becomes very high. High levels of insulin persist after the baby is born, but the mother’s glucose is no longer present. As a result, the blood glucose level of the newborn drops. After birth, the baby’s blood glucose level is measured. If the level is too low, the infant may need intravenous glucose.
• Gestational Diabetes

• Low blood sugar: Newborns of women with gestational diabetes may develop hypoglycemia after delivery.
• Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS): If a child has too much insulin or glucose in his blood, his lungs cannot develop to their full potential. Children who experience this may have breathing problems. Babies born before 37 weeks of pregnancy are more prone to it.